1. Namujju J, Muhindo R, Mselle LT, Waiswa P, Nankumbi J, Muwanguzi P. Childbirth experiences and their derived meaning: A qualitative study among postnatal mothers in Mbale regional referral hospital, Uganda. Reproductive Health. 2018; 15(1):1-11. [
DOI:10.1186/s12978-018-0628-y] [
PMID] [
PMCID]
2. Fouladi Z, Shoarbafchi ZN, Shaikhvaisi Y, Alimoradnuri M, Bagheri F. The effect of healthcare reform plan to reduce the rate of cesarean in hospitals affiliated to Qom University of Medical Sciences. Journal of Military Caring Sciences. 2017; 4(3):207-12 [Persian]. [
DOI:10.29252/mcs.4.3.207]
3. Abbas MS, Askar OA, Aleem AA. Pre-emptive ketorolac for prevention of intraoperative shoulder pain in patients undergoing cesarean section: A double blind randomized clinical trial. Asian Journal of Anesthesiology. 2017; 55(3):68-72. [
DOI:10.1016/j.aja.2017.07.002] [
PMID]
4. Elgzar WT, Said HE, Ebrahim HA. Effect of lower leg compression during cesarean section on post-spinal hypotension and neonatal hemodynamic parameters: nonrandomized controlled clinical trial. International Journal of Nursing Sciences. 2019; 6(3):252-58. [
DOI:10.1016/j.ijnss.2019.06.003] [
PMID] [
PMCID]
5. Maged AM, Deeb WS, Elbaradie S, Elzayat AR, Metwally AA, Hamed M, et al. Comparison of local and intra venous dexamethasone on post operative pain and recovery after caeseream section: A randomized controlled trial. Taiwanese Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2018; 57(3):346-50. [
DOI:10.1016/j.tjog.2018.04.004] [
PMID]
6. Rafiei M, Ghare MS, Akbari M, Kiani F, Sayehmiri F, Sayehmiri K, et al. Prevalence, causes, and complications of cesarean delivery in Iran: A systematic review and meta-analysis. International Journal of Reproductive Biomedicine. 2018; 16(4): 221-34. [
DOI:10.29252/ijrm.16.4.221]
7. Lalouei A, Kashanizadeh N, Naser-Islami M, Teymouri M. Local anesthetic effect of bupivacaine in pain relieving after cesarean section. Journal of Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences. 2009;11(2):80-85 [Persian].
8. O'Neill SM, Kearney PM, Kenny LC, Henriksen TB, Lutomski JE, Greene RA, et al. Caesarean delivery and subsequent pregnancy interval: A systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth. 2013; 13(1):1-12. [
DOI:10.1186/1471-2393-13-165] [
PMID] [
PMCID]
9. Sell SE, Carvalho Beresford P, Dias ZR, Helena H, Zigelli Garcia OR, Kotzias Atherino dos Santos E. Looks and knowledge: experiences of mothers and nursing staff regarding post-caesarean section pain. Texto & Contexto Enfermagem. 2012; 21(4):766-74. [
DOI:10.1590/S0104-07072012000400006]
10. Kwekkeboom KL, Cherwin CH, Lee JW, Wanta B. Mind-body treatments for the pain-fatigue-sleep disturbance symptom cluster in persons with cancer. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management. 2010; 39(1):126-38. [
DOI:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2009.05.022] [
PMID] [
PMCID]
11. Boateng EA, Kumi LO, Diji AK-A. Nurses and midwives' experiences of using non-pharmacological interventions for labour pain management: A qualitative study in Ghana. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth. 2019; 19(1):1-10. [
DOI:10.1186/s12884-019-2311-x] [
PMID] [
PMCID]
12. Rezaian R, Saatsaz S, Alipour A, Beheshti Z. Massage-therapy and post cesarean pain control. The Iranian Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Infertility. 2017; 20(4):34-43 [Persian].
13. Tournaire M, Theau-Yonneau A. Complementary and alternative approaches to pain relief during labor. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2007; 4(4):409-17. [
DOI:10.1093/ecam/nem012] [
PMID] [
PMCID]
14. Pak SC, Micalos PS, Maria SJ, Lord B. Non pharmacological interventions for pain management in paramedicine and the emergency setting: A review of the literature. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2015; 2015:873039. doi: 10.1155/2015/873039. [
DOI:10.1155/2015/873039] [
PMID] [
PMCID]
15. Crawford C, Boyd C, Paat CF, Price A, Xenakis L, Yang E, et al. The impact of massage therapy on function in pain populations- A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials: Part I, patients experiencing pain in the general population. Pain Medicine. 2016; 17(7):1353-75. [
DOI:10.1093/pm/pnw099] [
PMID] [
PMCID]
16. Xue M, Fan L, Ge L, Zhang Y, Ge J, Gu J, et al. Postoperative foot massage for patients after caesarean delivery. Zeitschriftfür Geburtshilfe und Neonatologie. 2016; 220(04):173-78. [
DOI:10.1055/s-0042-104802] [
PMID]
17. Hekmat-Afshar M, Hojjati H, Sharifnia S, Hojjati H, Salmasi E, Arazi S. The effect of music therapy on anxiety and pain in mothers after caesarean section surgery. Journal of Health and Care. 2012; 14(3):16-22 [Persian].
18. Farzaneh M, Abbasi Jahromi A, Saadatmand V, Parandavar N, Dowlatkhah HR, Bahmanjahromi A. Comparative effect of nature-based sounds intervention and headphones intervention on pain severity after cesarean section: A prospective double-blind randomized trial. Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine. 2019; 9(2):1-7. [
DOI:10.5812/aapm.67835] [
PMID] [
PMCID]
19. Chou R, Gordon DB, de Leon-Casasola OA, Rosenberg JM, Bickler S, Brennan T, et al. Management of postoperative pain: A clinical practice guideline from the American pain society, the American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, and the American Society of Anesthesiologists' committee on regional anesthesia, executive committee, and administrative council. The Journal of Pain. 2016; 17(2):131-35 [
DOI:10.1016/j.jpain.2015.12.008] [
PMID]
20. Goh LJ, Zhu X. Exploring patient and caregiver perceptions of primary healthcare sector home care for simple acute wounds. Advances in Skin & Wound Care. 2018; 31(8):348-60. [
DOI:10.1097/01.ASW.0000542289.00415.32] [
PMID]
21. Moulton LS, Evans PA, Starks I, Smith T. Pre-operative education prior to elective hip arthroplasty surgery improves postoperative outcome. International Orthopaedics. 2015; 39(8):1483-86. [
DOI:10.1007/s00264-015-2754-2] [
PMID]
22. Latifi S, Rabiee OL, Seyfi S. The effect of foot and hand massage on post-cesarean section pain. Anesthesiology and Pain. 2012; 2(7):102-8 [Persian].
23. Solehati T, Rustina Y. Benson relaxation technique in reducing pain intensity in women after caesarean section. Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine. 2015; 5(3):e22236. [
DOI:10.5812/aapm.22236v2] [
PMID] [
PMCID]
24. Mohammadpuor A, Basiri M, Saber N. The effect of rhythmic breathing on the cardiorespiratory parameters in acute coronary syndrome patients admitted at CCU. Journal of Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences. 2016; 23(2):377-85 [Persian].
25. Hawker GA, Mian S, Kendzerska T, French M. Measures of adult pain: visual analog scale for pain (VAS), numeric rating scale for pain (NRS), mcgill pain questionnaire (MPQ), short‐form mcgill pain questionnaire (SF‐MPQ), chronic pain grade scale (CPGS), short form‐36 bodily pain scale (SF‐36 BPS), and measure of intermittent and constant osteoarthritis pain (ICOAP). Arthritis Care & Research. 2011; 63(S11):S240-S52. [
DOI:10.1002/acr.20543] [
PMID]
26. Bikmoradi A, Zafari A, Oshvandi K, Mazdeh M, Roshanaei G. Effect of progressive muscle relaxation on severity of pain in patients with multiple sclerosis: A randomized controlled trial. Hayat. 2014; 20(1):26-37 [Persian].
27. Rezvani Amin M, Siratinayer M, Ebadi A, Moradian T. Correlation between visual analogue scale and short form of McGill questionnaire in patients with chronic low back pain. Qom University of Medical Sciences Journal. 2012; 6(1):31-34 [Persian].
28. Mohseni M, Ebneshahidi A, Yazdkhasti P. The effect of patient-selected music on early postoperative pain, anxiety, and hemodynamic profile in cesarean section surgery. Anesthesiology and Pain. 2012; 2(7):88-95 [Persian].
29. Handayani N. The effect of music therapy on pain level of postoperative patients with caesarean section at islamic Hospital A. Yani, Surabaya. Journal of Health Science. 2012; 5(2): [
DOI:10.33086/jhs.v5i2.11]
30. Nilsson U. The anxiety-and pain-reducing effects of music interventions: a systematic review. AORN Journal. 2008; 87(4):780-807. [
DOI:10.1016/j.aorn.2007.09.013] [
PMID]
31. Kordi M, Tara F, Bahrami HR, Shariatinejad K. The effect of hand and foot massage on post-cesarean pain and anxiety. Journal of Midwifery and Reproductive Health. 2015; 3(4):465-71.
32. Saatsaz S, Rezaei R, Alipour A, Beheshti Z. Massage as adjuvant therapy in the management of post-cesarean pain and anxiety: A randomized clinical trial. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice. 2016; 24:92-98. [
DOI:10.1016/j.ctcp.2016.05.014] [
PMID]
33. Ashabiya J, Solomon RJ. Effectiveness of foot reflexology on post caesarean pain among mothers who had caesarean section. Asian Journal of Nursing Education and Research. 2018; 8(4):531-34. [
DOI:10.5958/2349-2996.2018.00109.X]
34. Hassani S, Hassani K. The effect of foot reflexology on physiologic indices and pain severity following cesarean delivery. Research Journal of Medical Sciences. 2015;9(3):114-17.
35. Abbaspoor Z, Akbari M, Najar S. Effect of foot and hand massage in post-cesarean section pain control: A randomized control trial. Pain Management Nursing. 2014; 15(1):132-36. [
DOI:10.1016/j.pmn.2012.07.008] [
PMID]
36. Albert NM, Gillinov AM, Lytle BW, Feng J, Cwynar R, Blackstone EH. A randomized trial of massage therapy after heart surgery. Heart & Lung. 2009; 38(6):480-90. [
DOI:10.1016/j.hrtlng.2009.03.001] [
PMID]
37. Farzin A, Zare M, Mousavi G, Behnam V, Talebi S. Comparative study of the effect of Allah's recitation and rhythmic breathing on postoperative pain in orthopedic patients. Journal of Anesthesiology and Pain. 2018;8(3):68-78 [Persian].
38. Bozorgnejad M, Azizkhani H, Ardebili FM, Mousavi SK, Manafi F, Hosseini AF. The effect of rhythmic breathing on pain of dressing change in patients with burns referred to Ayatollah Mousavi hospital. World Journal of Plastic Surgery. 2018; 7(1):51-57.
39. Vakilian K, DavoudAbadi M, Seyedzadeh Aghdam N. The effects of breathing techniques on the length of labor active phase and its second stage in women's first labor. Complementary Medicine Journal of Faculty of Nursing & Midwifery. 2014; 3(4):666-73 [Persian].