Journal of Health And Care
Volume 22, Issue 4 (WINTER 2021)
JHC 2021, 22(4): 286-294 |
Back to browse issues page
Ethics code: IR.ARUMS.REC.1398.445
Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Khalili Z, Gholipour F, Habibi Soola A. Evaluation of Resilience and Its Related Factors in the Elderly of Ardabil City. JHC 2021; 22 (4) :286-294
URL: http://hcjournal.arums.ac.ir/article-1-1267-en.html
URL: http://hcjournal.arums.ac.ir/article-1-1267-en.html
Department of Medical- Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Islamic Azad University, Khalkhal Branch, Khalkhal, Iran
Abstract: (1911 Views)
Background & aim: Resilience, as one of the classes of positivist psychological approach, has an important role in dealing with stress and life threats and its adverse effects on the lives of the elderly, so that it has occupied a special place in the field of mental health during the last decade. The aim of this study was to determine the rate of resilience and related factors in the elderly in Ardabil in 2021.
Methods: This cross-sectional correlational study was performed on 500 elderly people referring to health centers in Ardabil in 2021, who were selected by cluster random sampling. Data collection tools were a two-part questionnaire including demographic information and Connor and Davidson resilience questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using SPSS-22 and using descriptive and inferential statistics.
Results: The results showed that the mean and standard deviation of the elderly in this study was 83.10±17.28. The results of one-way analysis of variance showed that there was a statistically significant relationship between the number of children (p=0.001), education (p=0.02) and job (p=0.000) with the resilience score of the elderly. Tukey post hoc test showed significant differences between the elderly with 1-4 children and above 4 (p=0.000), between people with literacy education and diploma and higher (p=0.03) and the elderly with retired employment (p=0.04). According to independent t-test, there was a significant relationship between marital status and having chronic illness with resilience score (p≤0.05).
Conclusion: The results of the present study revealed factors related to resilience in the elderly in Ardabil that can help health care providers to understand the resources affecting resilience and provide comprehensive care plans for resilience growth and subsequently increase the quality of life of the elderly.
Methods: This cross-sectional correlational study was performed on 500 elderly people referring to health centers in Ardabil in 2021, who were selected by cluster random sampling. Data collection tools were a two-part questionnaire including demographic information and Connor and Davidson resilience questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using SPSS-22 and using descriptive and inferential statistics.
Results: The results showed that the mean and standard deviation of the elderly in this study was 83.10±17.28. The results of one-way analysis of variance showed that there was a statistically significant relationship between the number of children (p=0.001), education (p=0.02) and job (p=0.000) with the resilience score of the elderly. Tukey post hoc test showed significant differences between the elderly with 1-4 children and above 4 (p=0.000), between people with literacy education and diploma and higher (p=0.03) and the elderly with retired employment (p=0.04). According to independent t-test, there was a significant relationship between marital status and having chronic illness with resilience score (p≤0.05).
Conclusion: The results of the present study revealed factors related to resilience in the elderly in Ardabil that can help health care providers to understand the resources affecting resilience and provide comprehensive care plans for resilience growth and subsequently increase the quality of life of the elderly.
Type of Study: descriptive |
Subject:
nursing
Received: 2020/11/25 | Accepted: 2021/02/10 | Published: 2021/03/19
Received: 2020/11/25 | Accepted: 2021/02/10 | Published: 2021/03/19
References
1. Ferrucci L, Gonzalez‐Freire M, Fabbri E, Simonsick E, Tanaka T, Moore Z, et al. Measuring biological aging in humans: A quest. Aging Cell. 2020;19(2):e13080. [DOI:10.1111/acel.13080]
2. Timalsina R, Songwathana P. Factors enhancing resilience among older adults experiencing disaster: A systematic review. Australasian emergency care. 2020;23(1):11-22. [DOI:10.1016/j.auec.2019.12.007] [PMID]
3. Wiles JL, Leibing A, Guberman N, Reeve J, Allen RE. The meaning of "aging in place" to older people. The gerontologist. 2012;52(3):357-66. [DOI:10.1093/geront/gnr098] [PMID]
4. Resnick B. Resilience in older adults. Topics in Geriatric Rehabilitation. 2014;30(3):155-63. [DOI:10.1097/TGR.0000000000000024]
5. MacLeod S, Musich S, Hawkins K, Alsgaard K, Wicker ER. The impact of resilience among older adults. Geriatric Nursing. 2016;37(4):266-72. [DOI:10.1016/j.gerinurse.2016.02.014] [PMID]
6. Fontes AP, Neri AL. Resilience in aging: literature review. Ciencia & saude coletiva. 2015;20:1475-95. [DOI:10.1590/1413-81232015205.00502014] [PMID]
7. Mancini AD, Bonanno GA. Predictors and parameters of resilience to loss: Toward an individual differences model. Journal of personality. 2009;77(6):1805-32. [DOI:10.1111/j.1467-6494.2009.00601.x] [PMID] [PMCID]
8. Bonanno GA. Loss, trauma, and human resilience: Have we underestimated the human capacity to thrive after extremely aversive events? American psychologist. 2004;59(1):20. [DOI:10.1037/0003-066X.59.1.20] [PMID]
9. Feder A, Fred-Torres S, Southwick SM, Charney DS. The biology of human resilience: opportunities for enhancing resilience across the life span. Biological psychiatry. 2019;86(6):443-53. [DOI:10.1016/j.biopsych.2019.07.012] [PMID]
10. Hoseini Ghomi T, Salimi Bajestani H. Effectiveness of Resilience Training on Stress of Mothers Whose Children, Suffer from Cancer in Imam Khomeini Hospital of Tehran T. Hosseini Ghomi/H. Salimi Bajestani. Quarterly journal of health psychology. 2013;1(4):97-109.
11. Connor KM, Davidson JR. Development of a new resilience scale: The Connor‐Davidson resilience scale (CD‐RISC). Depression and anxiety. 2003;18(2):76-82. [DOI:10.1002/da.10113] [PMID]
12. Moradi S, Ghodrati Mirkohi M. Comparing the role of hope and resilience in predicting life satisfaction in older adults. Journal of Gerontology. 2020;5(1):71-81.
13. Izadi-avanji fs, Hasani P, Rakhshan M, Alavi Majd H. Structure of Resilience in Older Adults with Chronic Conditions. Journal of Qualitative Research in Health Sciences. 2017;6(4):314-25.
14. Windle G, Markland DA, Woods RT. Examination of a theoretical model of psychological resilience in older age. Aging and Mental Health. 2008;12(3):285-92. [DOI:10.1080/13607860802120763] [PMID]
15. McClain J, Gullatt K, Lee C. Resilience and protective factors in older adults. 2018.
16. Izadi-Avanji FS, Hajibagheri A, Azizi Fini E. Predict of marital satisfaction based on resilience and mental health among elderlyelderly. SSU_Journals. 2019;27(3):1361-71. [DOI:10.18502/ssu.v27i3.1189]
17. Mohammadi M. Investigating the Factors Affecting Resilience in Subjects at Risk of Substance Abuse. Tehran: University of Olume Behzisti and Tavanbakhshi. 2005.
18. Sriwantha S, Jullamate P, Piphatvanitcha N. Factors related to resilience among elderly patients with end stage renal disease. The Bangkok Medical Journal. 2018;14(1):29-. [DOI:10.31524/bkkmedj.2018.02.006]
19. Leppert K, Gunzelmann T, Schumacher J, Strauss B, Brähler E. Resilience as a protective personality characteristic in the elderly. Psychotherapie, Psychosomatik, medizinische Psychologie. 2005;55(8):365-9. [DOI:10.1055/s-2005-866873] [PMID]
20. Milioni M, Alessandri G, Eisenberg N, Castellani V, Zuffianò A, Vecchione M, et al. Reciprocal relations between emotional self‐efficacy beliefs and ego‐resiliency across time. Journal of personality. 2015;83(5):552-63. [DOI:10.1111/jopy.12131] [PMID] [PMCID]
21. Zautra AJ, Hall JS, Murray KE. Resilience: a new definition of health for people and communities. Handbook of adult resilience The Guilford Press. 2010:3-29.
22. Samadaee-Gelehkolaee K, Mccarthy BW, Khalilian A, Hamzehgardeshi Z, Peyvandi S, Elyasi F, et al. Factors associated with marital satisfaction in infertile couple: a comprehensive literature review. Global journal of health science. 2016;8(5):96. [DOI:10.5539/gjhs.v8n5p96] [PMID] [PMCID]
23. Resnick BA, Inguito PL. The Resilience Scale: Psychometric properties and clinical applicability in older adults. Archives of psychiatric nursing. 2011;25(1):11-20. [DOI:10.1016/j.apnu.2010.05.001] [PMID]
24. Southwick SM, Litz BT, Charney D, Friedman MJ. Resilience and mental health: Challenges across the lifespan: Cambridge University Press; 2011. [DOI:10.1017/CBO9780511994791]
25. Hildon Z, Montgomery SM, Blane D, Wiggins RD, Netuveli G. Examining resilience of quality of life in the face of health-related and psychosocial adversity at older ages: what is "right" about the way we age? The gerontologist. 2010;50(1):36-47. [DOI:10.1093/geront/gnp067] [PMID]
26. Wells M. Resilience in rural community‐dwelling older adults. The Journal of Rural Health. 2009;25(4):415-9. [DOI:10.1111/j.1748-0361.2009.00253.x] [PMID]
27. Rar-tur L, Levy-Shiff R. Coping with losses and past trauma in old age: The separation-individuation perspective. Journal of Personal & Interpersonal Loss. 2000;5(2-3):263-81. [DOI:10.1080/10811440008409756]
28. Felten BS. Resilience in a multicultural sample of community-dwelling women older than age 85. Clinical nursing research. 2000;9(2):102-23. [DOI:10.1177/105477380000900202] [PMID]
29. Gucciardi DF, Jackson B, Coulter TJ, Mallett CJ. The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC): Dimensionality and age-related measurement invariance with Australian cricketers. Psychology of Sport and Exercise. 2011;12(4):423-33. [DOI:10.1016/j.psychsport.2011.02.005]
30. Mehta M, Whyte E, Lenze E, Hardy S, Roumani Y, Subashan P, et al. Depressive symptoms in late life: associations with apathy, resilience and disability vary between young‐old and old‐old. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry: A journal of the psychiatry of late life and allied sciences. 2008;23(3):238-43. [DOI:10.1002/gps.1868] [PMID]
Send email to the article author
| Rights and permissions | |
 |
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |